Advanced Placement (AP) European History Practice Exam 2026 - Free AP History Practice Questions and Study Guide

The evidence of continued influence of German nationalism in calls for unification best supports the idea of lingering "universalist dreams" of the Holy Roman Empire. This concept refers to the aspirations of creating a unified German nation-state, reflecting the historical significance and cultural legacy of the Holy Roman Empire, which sought to transcend regional divisions and present a coherent identity for the German-speaking peoples of Central Europe.

The calls for unification in the 19th century, particularly in connection with figures like Otto von Bismarck, indicate that many Germans still held onto the notion of a unified entity that would encapsulate the various states that were once part of the Holy Roman Empire. This sentiment demonstrates a desire to recreate a sense of collective identity and political unity that echoes the aspirations of the earlier empire.

In contrast, the rise of feudalism in Germany, while significant in its own right, does not directly relate to the universalist vision associated with the Holy Roman Empire. Instead, it pertains more to localized power structures that countered central authority. The acceptance of the Congress of Vienna's decisions aligned with the political realities of the time rather than a pursuit of the universal ideals of the Holy Roman Empire, as it often reinforced existing boundaries and regimes rather than promoting unity